Guide · Makeup

Mascara tubes and wands:
components, wiper fit, MOQ and sourcing from China.

A mascara tube is five parts that must work as one: a bottle, a cap, a stem, a brush and a wiper. The bottle is the easy part. The wiper bore against the stem decides how much product comes out on the brush, and the brush geometry decides how the lashes look — which is why a mascara that performs is roughly half formula and half packaging. This guide covers what the parts are made of, how to specify them, what a partner factory is tested against, and what the minimums and lead times look like.

By the Vella sourcing team · Updated September 2026 · 8-min read

Short answer

A mascara tube is a bottle, cap, stem, brush and wiper, usually in ABS, POM, PP, LDPE or PETG with an optional aluminium shell; the brush is fine steel wire with nylon fibre or moulded TPE. The wiper bore against the stem sets how much product loads onto the brush, so wiper and brush are approved with the actual formula, not from a catalogue photo. Custom-decorated stock tubes start around 1,000 pieces, sprayed colour at 2,000–5,000 per shape, electroplating around 10,000; a stock tube with decoration ships in about 30–45 days at factory gate.

What a mascara tube is made of

Five parts. The bottle holds the bulk and is extrusion-blown or injection-blown in PETG, PP or ABS, sometimes with a drawn aluminium outer shell. The cap is the grip — ABS or PP, often sprayed, metallised or plated. The stem (rod) in PP or POM connects the cap to the brush. The brush is either twisted fine steel wire carrying nylon fibre, or a moulded TPE/elastomer head. The wiper is a soft LDPE or TPE insert pressed into the bottle neck; it seals the contents and scrapes the stem and brush on the way out. The same architecture, with a different applicator, is a lip gloss tube or a liquid eyeliner — see lip packaging for the gloss version.

Why the wiper matters more than the bottle

The wiper does two jobs: it seals the formula against drying, and its bore controls how much product is left on the brush after the pull. Too loose and the brush comes out overloaded and clumps; too tight and it starves the brush and shears the fibres. The bore is a fit dimension to the stem diameter and the brush profile, and it has to be checked with your bulk, because a thick fibre mascara and a thin tubing mascara load differently through the same wiper. The brush shape and the formula together decide the lash result, so a brand should approve wiper and brush as a pair, with the formula in the tube.

Specification: the five components

Component Materials Key specification Notes
BottlePETG, PP or ABS; extrusion-blow or injection-blow; optional aluminium outer shell (pressed)Typical partner-factory range 6–12 ml fill; neck bore matched to the wiper; wall uniform enough for a clean fillAluminium shells are drawn and anodised or sprayed; check sharp edges on drawn parts
CapABS or PP; sprayed, metallised, hot-stamped or electroplated outerScrew thread matched to the bottle; opening torque 0.2–0.7 N·m; stays closed under 1 kg bag compressionPlated caps never touch bulk or skin; no nickel on touch surfaces
StemPP or POMDiameter is the reference for the wiper bore; straight, no flash; burr height ≤0.5 mm on the tube bodyStem length sets how deep the brush reaches — checked against the fill line
BrushTwisted steel wire + nylon fibre; or moulded TPE / elastomer headFibre density, length and taper approved with the formula; a moulded head gives a repeatable profileSome brush geometries are patented — confirm the partner factory has the right to supply the shape
WiperLDPE or TPEBore set to the stem; seals the neck; scrape approved on a filled sampleThe single component that decides load and drying — never assumed from a catalogue

Materials follow the same rules as any other colour-cosmetics pack: acrylic (PMMA) and AS only as a non-contact outer, plated parts as exterior only, and a 24-hour formula soak on decorated surfaces the product will touch. The full rule set is on the formula × packaging compatibility matrix.

MOQ, tooling and lead time by route

Mascara tubes follow the same three routes as every other stock component in the makeup clusters at Shantou and Yuyao–Shangyu: a stock (public-mould) tube in a stock colour, the same tube with your decoration, or a private mould. The published industry floor for a single factory is 5,000–10,000 pieces per item; the lower figures below are reachable only via partner factories already tooled for small runs, and are indicative. See the MOQ index and lead-time index for the wider picture.

Route Indicative minimum Tooling Lead time, factory gate
Stock tube + stock brush, undecoratedFrom ~500–1,000 pcs (typical partner-factory range)None7–25 days
Stock tube + screen print or hot stamp~1,000 pcsScreen or foil plate — small one-offStock cycle +5–7 days; 30–45 days with a decorated set
Sprayed custom colour on cap or bottle2,000–5,000 per component shapeColour-matching set-up per shape30–40 days
Moulded-in custom colour~3,000 tube; 5,000–10,000 industry floorMaterial changeover and purge15–25 days
Electroplated or metallised cap~10,000 pcs — the floor holds everywhereRacking; no mould25–40 days including plating queue
Custom brush profileHero products only; agreed per projectBrush tooling or wire-twist set-upAdd to the stock cycle; approve with the formula first
Private mould (bottle, cap, wiper)3,000–10,000 pcs to amortiseRMB 25,000–70,000 (≈ USD 3,500–9,700) per component tool; paid 30/40/30; owned by the brandTool 45–60 days; programme 90–120 days
Buffer——Quoted cycle × 1.3; +15 days across Chinese New Year; sea 18–35 days

Rule for a first order: keep the bottle, stem and wiper on stock tooling, put the brand into the cap decoration and the carton, and spend the money on the brush-and-formula approval instead of a mould. Mould ownership and payment terms are on mould cost and ownership.

QC thresholds a mascara order is checked against

These are the working figures written into the specification and signed against at the four gates (IQC, IPQC, FQC, OQC) described on our QC standards page.

Test Method Pass threshold
Seal, invertedFilled, laid flat and inverted at 45°C for 24 hNo seepage at the wiper or thread
Vacuum leakFilled, vacuum chamber−0.08 MPa for 15 min, loss ≤0.5%
Wiper and brush loadFilled with the actual bulk; push the stem fully out and rotate 3 timesSmooth pull, even load, no fibre shedding or clumping
Thermal48 ± 2°C and −15°C, laid on the side, 24 h eachNo cracking, delamination or deformation; smooth pull after recovery
DropAssembled, 76 cm–1 m, horizontal, 3 drops onto concreteNo functional damage
Decoration adhesion3M 600 over hot stamp (10 passes, pulled at 45°); 3M 810 over 2 mm cross-hatch on spray and platingNo lift; hot-stamp loss ≤0.5 mm²; cross-hatch grade 1 or better
Solvent resistanceFormula on the printed face, 45°C for 24 h, wiped with alcohol gauzeNo coating loss
Yellowing / UVUV lamp 24 h, or 300 W lamp at 50°C for 48 hNo visible colour shift
Formula compatibilityWiper, brush, stem and bottle with the actual bulk at 48°C for 30 days plus ambient and cold controlsNo discolouration, swelling, odour or change in load
HygieneSterile saline rinse, colony count per tube; monthly per supplier and sizeWithin the agreed limit; three consecutive batches re-tested after any failure
ColourSigned golden sample under D65 lightΔE within the agreed tolerance; cap, bottle and carton judged in one hand

What to put in the brief

  • Fill volume and formula type — fibre, tubing, waterproof or water-based; it changes the wiper and the compatibility test.
  • Brush shape and material — fibre or moulded; give a benchmark product if you have one.
  • Decoration route per component — one route per family, because moulded-in and sprayed colour of the same Pantone do not match on shelf.
  • Quantity per SKU and shade count — decoration minimums apply per shape, not per shade.
  • Destination market — for heavy-metal and nickel-release documentation.

Vella is a Guangzhou-based beauty packaging solutions provider — a sourcing partner, not a factory — that specifies, sources, samples, quality-controls and ships mascara, gloss and liner tubes from vetted partner factories operating to ISO 22716 / GMP, against the thresholds above and a signed golden sample. The method is on how we work; the questions to ask any supplier are in how to evaluate a China packaging supplier.

Frequently asked

What is a mascara tube made of?
A mascara tube is five parts: a bottle in PETG, PP or ABS (sometimes with an aluminium outer shell), a cap in ABS or PP, a stem in PP or POM, a brush of twisted steel wire with nylon fibre or a moulded TPE head, and a wiper in LDPE or TPE pressed into the neck. The wiper seals the bottle and scrapes the stem and brush on the way out, so it decides how much product loads on the brush.
Why does the wiper matter so much on a mascara?
The wiper bore against the stem controls the amount of product left on the brush after each pull. Too loose and the brush comes out overloaded and clumps; too tight and it starves the brush and shears the fibres. Because a thick fibre mascara and a thin tubing formula load differently through the same wiper, the wiper and brush are approved as a pair with the actual formula in the tube.
What is the MOQ for custom mascara tubes from China?
The published industry floor is 5,000–10,000 pieces per item. Through partner factories already tooled for small runs, a custom-decorated stock tube starts around 1,000 pieces, moulded-in custom colour around 3,000, sprayed colour 2,000–5,000 per component shape and electroplated caps around 10,000. A private mould needs 3,000–10,000 pieces to amortise RMB 25,000–70,000 (about USD 3,500–9,700) of tooling per component.
How long does a mascara tube order take?
A stock tube with decoration ships in about 30–45 days at factory gate; undecorated stock in 7–25 days; sprayed colour 30–40 days; plated caps 25–40 days including the plating queue. A private mould is a 90–120 day programme. Multiply the quoted cycle by 1.3, add 15 days across Chinese New Year, then 18–35 days of sea freight.
Which tests should a mascara tube pass before production?
Inverted seal at 45°C for 24 hours with no seepage; vacuum leak at −0.08 MPa for 15 minutes with loss under 0.5%; a filled pull test with the stem pushed fully out and rotated three times; thermal hold at 48°C and −15°C; three horizontal drops from 76 cm to 1 m; 3M 600 / 3M 810 tape adhesion on decoration; and a 48°C / 30-day compatibility test of wiper, brush and bottle with the actual formula.
Can a mascara brush design be copied by a Chinese factory?
Many brush geometries are protected, and some factories copy the look without the function. Ask the partner factory to confirm it has the right to supply the brush shape, approve the brush with your formula rather than from a photo, and specify fibre density, length and taper on the drawing so a reorder matches the first batch.
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